[Tlaleho e akaretsang ea Global Times] “mokhoa oa United States ke ‘boholo ba saense le theknoloji’.”Mabapi le kopo ea 'muso oa US ea hore lik'hamphani tse peli tsa meralo ea li-chip tsa US li khaotse ho romela li-chips tsa boemo bo holimo China,' muelli oa Lekala la Litaba tsa Kantle ho China Wang Wenbin o boletse ka la 1 Loetse hore "China e hanana le sena ka tieo."Litheko tsa li-stock tsa NVIDIA le AMD, tse ileng tsa angoa ka ho toba ke lithibelo tse ncha tsa US, li ile tsa theoha karabelo.Ka la 31 Phato, li ile tsa theoha ka 6.6% le 3.7% ka ho latellana.NVIDIA e boletse hore thekiso ea eona e ka bang limilione tse 400 kotareng ena e ka fetoha mouoane.Hona joale, ts'ebetso ea baetsi ba li-chip ba Amerika e nakong e thata.Joalokaha Shu jueting, 'muelli oa Lekala la Khoebo la China, a boletse, mokhoa oa US o tla ama ka botebo lithahasello tsa rona likhoebo.Ka nako e telele, United States e hlahisitse mehato e latellanang ea ho thibela nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea li-chip ea China.Bakeng sa mehato ea morao-rao e thibelang, Reuters e lumela hore "e tšoaea ntlafatso e kholo ea tlhaselo ea United States holim'a bokhoni ba theknoloji ea Chaena".Setsebi sa lapeng se botsoang ke linako tsa lefats'e ka 1st se boletse hore ka lehlakoreng le leng, re hloka ho falimeha hore United States e tla tsoelapele ho otla "punch e kopaneng" khahlano le indasteri ea semiconductor ea China, empa ka lehlakoreng le leng, thekiso ea kantle ho naha ea US. thibelo e boetse ke monyetla oa ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele e tsoelang pele ea ketane ea indasteri ea li-chips ea malapeng, e nang le tšebelisano e sa lekaneng pakeng tsa ho ea holimo le tlaase.
NVIDIA e ile ea otloa ka thata mme ea re e ntse e buisana le bareki ba China
Ho ea ka websaeteng ea CNBC ea United States e tlalehiloeng ka September 1, tokomane e rometsoeng ho US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), NVIDIA e re e fumane kopo e ncha ea tumello e tsoang ho 'muso oa US ka August 26 bakeng sa ho romela thepa nakong e tlang. chips ho ea Chaena (ho kenyeletsoa Hong Kong).Mohato ona ho thoe o rarolla kotsi ea hore lihlahisoa tse amanang le tsona li sebelisoe kapa li fetisetsoe molemong oa "ts'ebeliso ea sesole" kapa "mosebelisi oa sesole" oa China.
Ka la 31 Phato, New York Times e qotsitse NVIDIA e re mehato e mecha e tla ama sehlahisoa se seng se ntse se le teng sa k'hamphani A100 le sehlahisoa sa H100 se lebelletsoeng ho qalisoa hamorao selemong sena.NVIDIA e lumela hore melao ea mmuso oa US e ka senya bokhoni ba eona ba ho phethela nts'etsopele ea H100 ka nako kapa ho tšehetsa bareki ba teng ba A100.Ho tlalehoa hore thibelo ena e sebetsa le Russia, empa NVIDIA ha e rekisetse Russia lihlahisoa hona joale.
'Muelli oa AMD o bolelletse Reuters hore k'hamphani e boetse e amohetse kopo e ncha ea tumello ho tsoa ho mmuso, e tla etsa hore e emise ho rekisa li-chips tsa maiketsetso tsa mi250 China.Amd o lumela hore chip ea mi100 ha ea lokela ho ameha.
Reuters e boletse hore Lefapha la Khoebo la United States le ke ke la senola hore na ke litekanyetso life tse ncha tseo le li behileng bakeng sa ho romela li-chips tsa AI ho ea Chaena, empa e re Lefapha le ntse le hlahloba maano le mekhoa e amanang le Chaena ho thibela "theknoloji e tsoetseng pele ho oela matsohong a sa lokelang. batho”.
Mabapi le mehato e mecha e nkiloeng ke United States, 'muelli oa Lekala la Litaba tsa Kantle ho China Wang Wenbin o boletse ka la 1 Loetse hore United States e kene lipolotiking, ea sebelisa lisebelisoa le libetsa litabeng tsa mahlale, theknoloji le moruo le khoebo, e kentse "thibelo ea mahlale" le "ho theoha ha mahlale. ”, e lekile ka lefeela ho laola saense le thekenoloji e tsoetseng pele ea lefats'e, ho sireletsa matla a eona a saense le thekenoloji, le ho nyenyefatsa ketane ea lefats'e ea indasteri le ketane ea phepelo ea tšebelisano e haufi-ufi, e leng ho hlolehang ho hlōleha.
"Lehlakore la US le lokela ho emisa hang-hang mekhoa ea lona e fosahetseng, le tšoare likhoebo tsa linaha tsohle ka toka, ho kenyeletsoa le likhoebo tsa China, 'me le etse ho eketsehileng ho thusa botsitso ba moruo oa lefatše."Ka letsatsi lona leo, Shu jueting, 'muelli oa Lekala la Khoebo la Chaena, le eena o ile a araba taba ena.
Joalokaha Shu jueting a boletse, mokhoa oa US o ke ke oa senya feela litokelo le lithahasello tse molaong tsa likhoebo tsa China, empa hape o tla ama lithahasello tsa likhoebo tsa Amerika ka botebo.The Wall Street Journal e boletse ka September 1 hore NVIDIA ke moetsi oa li-chip oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa United States, 'me e laola' maraka tšimong ea li-chips tsa maiketsetso tsa maiketsetso.Leha ho le joalo, ho hlahisoa ha molao o mocha Washington ho tla ka nako e thata bakeng sa baetsi ba li-chip.Ka lebaka la ho phahama ho hoholo ha litheko le ho putlama ha menyetla ea moruo, matla a batho a ho sebelisa a fokotsehile, 'me tlhoko ea likhomphutha, lipapali tsa video, li-smartphone le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa elektroniki e theohile.
NVIDIA e boletse polelong hore e ntse e buisana le bareki ba Machaena e le hore ba ka sebelisa lihlahisoa tse ling tsa k'hamphani ho fihlela litlhoko tsa bona tse reriloeng kapa tsa nakong e tlang.Khampani e rera ho etsa kopo ho 'muso oa US bakeng sa litokollo tse loketseng tsa kantle ho naha, empa ha ho na "tiisetso" ea hore e tla amoheloa.CNBC e boletse hore haeba likhoebo tsa China li nka qeto ea ho se reke lihlahisoa tse ling tse fanoeng ke NVIDIA, ea morao-rao e tla lahleheloa ke $ 400 milione ka thekiso kotareng ena.NVIDIA bekeng e fetileng e boletse esale pele hore thekiso karolong ea boraro ea selemo sena e tla theoha ka 17% selemo le selemo ho ea ho $ 5.9 limilione tse likete.Ho ea ka tlaleho ea lichelete e fanoeng ke k'hamphani, chelete eohle ea chelete ea eona selemong se fetileng sa lichelete e ne e le lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 26,91, 'me chelete ea eona Chaena (ho kenyeletsoa Hong Kong) e ne e le liranta tse limilione tse likete tse 7,11, tse etsang 26,4%.
Ho ea ka Wall Street Journal, NVIDIA e lumela hore le haeba 'muso oa US o lumella ho lokolloa ha thepa, bahlolisani ba ka rua molemo ho eona, joalo ka barekisi ba semiconductor ba tsoang Chaena, Iseraele le linaheng tsa Europe, hobane "mokhoa oa ho fana ka tumello o tla etsa hore thekiso ea rona le tšehetso ea rona e sebetse. e rarahane haholoanyane le e sa tsitsang, hape e khothaletsa bareki ba China ho fumana mekhoa e meng”.Amd o lumela hore melaoana e mecha e ke ke ea ba le phello e kholo khoebong ea eona.
Mohato ona o mocha oa Washington o boetse o hohetse tlhokomelo ea boralitaba sehlekehlekeng sena.NVIDIA le AMD ke bareki ba kaholimo ho 10 ba TSMC, ba etsang karolo ea 10% ea lekeno la eona.Haeba thepa ea bona ea thepa e fokotseha, e tla ama ts'ebetso ea TSMC, Taiwan Zhongshi News e tlaleha ka la 1.Ho ea ka tlaleho, e anngoeng ke ho fokotseha ha li-stocks tsa US le ho kenngoa ka tšohanyetso ha lithibelo tsa ho romelloa ha li-chips tsa maiketsetso tsa maiketsetso tse phahameng United States, lihlahisoa tsa Taiwan li ile tsa bula tlaase 'me tsa oela ka la 1.Qetellong, ba ile ba "oela" ka lintlha tse ka bang 300, 'me theko ea kabelo ea TSMC e theohile ka tlase ho NT $500 khoebong ea pele.
Ho beha "moeli oa ts'ebetso" bakeng sa lichifi tse romelloang China?
Mookameli oa indasteri eo ho buisanoeng le eena ke Wall Street Journal o ile a hlahloba hore thibelo eo ha e ame NVIDIA le AMD feela, empa hape e beha "moeko oa ts'ebetso" bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ling tse phahameng tse sebetsanang le lik'homphieutha tsa maiketsetso tse lokelang ho romelloa Chaena.Ho ea ka Reuters, lithibelo tse ncha tsa ho romela li-chip "li tšoaea ntlafatso e kholo ea tlhaselo ea US mabapi le bokhoni ba mahlale ba China".
The New York Times e lumela hore mehato e mecha khahlanong le Chaena le Russia ke boiteko ba morao-rao ba 'muso oa United States oa ho sebelisa li-semiconductors e le sesebelisoa sa ho sitisa bahlolisani ho etsa tsoelo-pele ea lik'homphieutha tse sebetsang hantle, bohlale ba maiketsetso le masimo a mang.Thibelo ya diyantle ke karolo ya matsapa a Amerika le China a ho qothisana lehlokoa le maemo a ka sehloohong a thekenoloji e tsoetseng pele.
Ho tlalehoa hore li-chips tsa A100, H100 le mi250 kaofela ke lihlahisoa tsa GPU (graphics processor).Lefapheng la litsebi, GPU ke mohloli oa bohlokoa oa matla a k'homphieutha masimong a litsi tsa data, lik'homphieutha tse sebetsang hantle le bohlale ba maiketsetso.Reuters e boletse hore haeba li-chips tsa maemo a holimo tsa likhoebo tsa Amerika tse kang NVIDIA le AMD li sa fumanehe, bokhoni ba likhoebo tsa China ho etsa ts'ebetso ea maemo a holimo joalo ka setšoantšo le temoho ea lentsoe bo tla fokola.Temogo ya seswantšho le go šomišwa ga maleme a tlhago di tlwaelegile ditshepedišong tša megala tša bohlale, bjalo ka go araba dipotšišo tša badiriši le go swaya dinepe.Mesebetsi ena e boetse e na le ts'ebeliso ea sesole, joalo ka ho batla litšoantšo tsa sathelaete tse nang le libetsa kapa metheo ea sesole, le ho sefa litaba tsa puisano tsa dijithale bakeng sa pokello ea bohlale.
Hape ke monyetla bakeng sa China
Ho latela Wall Street Journal, e se e le ntho e tloaelehileng hore United States e behe lithibelo khoebong le China le ho romelloa ha lichipisi kantle ho naha.Bohareng ba Phato, United States e phatlalalitse taolo ea kantle ho litheknoloji tse 'ne, ho kenyeletsoa lisebelisoa tsa software tsa EDA.The 2022 chip and Science Act e saennweng ke Mopresidente oa US Biden ka Phato 9 e bolela hore likhoebo tse fumanang lithuso tsa mmuso li ke ke tsa eketsa haholo tlhahiso ea "chips e tsoetseng pele" naheng ea China (ka kakaretso e nkuoa e le li-chips tse ka tlase ho 28nm).Ntle le moo, mecha ea litaba ea Amerika e senotse qetellong ea Phupu hore lik'hamphani tse peli tsa lisebelisoa tsa chip tsa United States li netefalitse hore Washington e ba kopile hore ba se ke ba fana ka lisebelisoa tsa ho etsa li-chips tsa 14 nm le ka tlase ho China.
Gu Wenjun, mohlahlobi ea ka sehloohong oa boeletsi ba SMIC, o bolelletse linako tsa lefats'e ka la 1 hore ka ho hlahisa letoto la mehato e thibelang, United States e ikemiselitse ho hatella nts'etsopele ea likhokahano tsa maemo a holimo tsa China lefapheng la mahlale le theknoloji.Qalong, e ile ea lumella Huawei le ZTE karolong ea terminal, 'me hamorao ea lebisa Hisilicon lebaleng la moralo oa chip le SMIC lebaleng la tlhahiso ea li-chip.Gu Wenjun o boletse hore ka nako e khuts'oane, United States e na le tšepo ea ho "roala" le "ho roba ketane" Chaena karolong ea theknoloji e phahameng ea li-chips.Nakong e bohareng ho isa ho nako e telele, United States e tšepa hore eona le balekane ba eona ha e sa tla hlola e itšetleha haholo ka 'maraka oa Chaena le ho fokotsa phapanyetsano ea lintlha tsa tlhahiso le Chaena.
"Lithibelo tsa chip tsa US li ke ke tsa emisa tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea semiconductor ea China."Setsi sa litaba sa satellite sa Russia se qotsitse litsebi tse bolelang hore indastering ea hajoale ea semiconductor, ho kenyeletsoa China, theknoloji ea ts'ebetso ea 28nm e ntse e le motheo oa bahlahisi ba bangata ho boloka phaello le ho kenya letsoho lipatlisisong le nts'etsopele ea theknoloji e tsoetseng pele ea semiconductor.Theknoloji ea chip e tsoetseng pele ka ho fetesisa e na le thuso haholo, empa e ntse e ikarabella bakeng sa karolo e tlase ea indasteri eohle ea semiconductor.Mabapi le hore na mehato ea thibelo ea US e tla ba le phello ea nako e telele ho China, ho ipapisitse le nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso le moralo oa indasteri ea semiconductor ea morao-rao.Ka lilemo tse 10 ho isa ho tse 20, nts'etsopele ea indasteri e lokela ho fetoha mme theknoloji e ncha e ka hlaha.
"Ho ea ka pono e 'ngoe, thibelo ea ho romela thepa ntle ho naha ea United States le eona ke monyetla bakeng sa indasteri ea li-chip ea malapeng.Pejana, ho ne ho se na tšebelisano e sa lekaneng lipakeng tsa likhoebo tse holimo le tse tlase khoebong ea li-chip tsa malapeng, empa nakong e tlang, re tla matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lehae. ”Han Xiaomin, molaoli kakaretso oa Jiwei consulting, o ile a bolella lefatše ka bophara hore indasteri ea malapeng ketane likhoebo lokela ho ipapisa le 'maraka oa malapeng, butle-butle theha e feletseng chip indasteri ketane ecosystem, le ho ntlafatsa bokgoni ba indasteri e khahlanong le kotsi, tlhōlisano le tšusumetso ea lefatše lohle.
Nako ea poso: Sep-02-2022